How to prepare for profit loss for SSC CGL
Published On: 24-11-2025
How to Prepare Profit and Loss for SSC CGL: A Complete Teacher-Guided Strategy
Preparing for the Profit & Loss chapter is one of the most important parts of the Quantitative Aptitude syllabus in SSC CGL and SSC CGL Tier-1. Over the years, as a teacher guiding thousands of aspirants, I’ve observed one consistent pattern:
Students do not struggle with formulas - they struggle with understanding the logic behind Profit & Loss.
And once a student understands the logic, the entire chapter suddenly feels easy, predictable, and scoring.
In this complete guide, PrepUpTime walk you through how to prepare Profit & Loss for SSC CGL, explain the core concepts in a teacher-friendly manner, and provide multiple Profit & Loss practice questions for SSC CGL Tier-1 with complete solutions. I will also explain why mock tests and PYQs are absolutely essential for mastering this chapter - especially if you want to score 45+ in Quant.
Let’s begin.
Why Profit & Loss Is Important for SSC CGL
Profit & Loss is not just another quantitative chapter; it is a guaranteed scoring topic in Tier-1, with 2–3 questions almost every year. The patterns are predictable, and the logic rarely changes.
Why students prefer this chapter:
No long calculations
Questions follow fixed patterns
Requires understanding, not formulas
Directly solvable if you know CP-SP relationship
Part of every SSC PYQ paper
So, if you are preparing Profit & Loss for SSC CGL, consistency and practice matter more than memorizing formulas.
How to Prepare Profit & Loss for SSC CGL
Based on years of classroom teaching, here is the exact step-by-step approach I give to all my aspirants.
Step 1: Understand CP, SP & Profit Relationship
Every question in this chapter revolves around three core values:
Cost Price (CP) → The initial price
Selling Price (SP) → The selling price
Profit / Loss
The basic formulas:
Profit = SP – CP
Loss = CP – SP
Profit% = (Profit / CP) × 100
Loss% = (Loss / CP) × 100
SP = CP × (100 + Profit%) / 100
SP = CP × (100 – Loss%) / 100
But formulas are not enough — you must understand the behaviour of CP and SP:
When SP increases above CP → Profit
When SP decreases below CP → Loss
This clarity is essential.
Step 2: Learn the “Assume CP = 100” Technique
This is the smartest SSC method.
Instead of solving with variables, assume CP = 100.
Example:
If Profit% = 20%
Then SP = 120.
This method is extremely useful for Tier-1 questions.
Step 3: Master Marked Price, Discount & Profit Together
The toughest P&L questions are those involving:
Marked Price (MP)
Discount%
Successive discount
Profit% on CP
Shopkeeper tricks
Here is the golden relationship:
SP = MP × (100 – Discount%) / 100
and
Profit% = [(SP – CP) / CP] × 100
If you understand how MP, SP, CP connect, everything becomes easy.
Step 4: Practice PYQs Topic-Wise
This is where most students fail.
They practice randomly instead of structured practice.
You must practice:
Single Profit / Loss
Discount-only questions
Profit with Discount
MP with CP comparison
Shopkeeper deceit questions
False weight questions
SSC repeats patterns.
Understanding PYQs means you understand the exam.
Step 5: Solve at Least 30 Questions Before Mock Tests
This helps build confidence and muscle memory.
Then start solving mock tests.
Why Mock Tests & PYQs Are Essential
In my teaching experience, I have seen three clear differences between students who take mock tests and those who don’t.
1. Mock Tests Improve Real-Time Decision Making
You learn:
Which questions to skip
Which to solve first
How to manage time
Profit & Loss becomes faster and instinctive.
2. PYQs Show What the SSC EXAMINER Wants
SSC does not ask random questions.
If you study the last 10 years, you will realize:
Patterns repeat
Logic repeats
Difficulty remains predictable
3. PrepUpTime Mock Tests Match Real SSC Pattern
Mock tests on PrepUpTime offer:
Exam-level difficulty
Updated patterns
Error-free solutions
Chapter-wise practice
This helps in both learning and revision.
Important Concepts You MUST Know
1. Profit / Loss on Selling Price Formula
Sometimes SSC gives Profit% on SP instead of CP.
If Profit = 25% of SP
Let SP = 100
Then Profit = 25
CP = SP – Profit = 75
2. Discount and Marked Price
MP = 100
Discount = 20%
→ SP = 80
If Profit = 10%
→ CP = SP / 1.10
3. False Weights
If a shopkeeper uses 900g instead of 1kg:
Actual CP for 1kg = 100
He gives 900g only, so he saves 100g profit.
4. Successive Discounts
Two discounts: a% and b%
Effective discount = a + b – (ab / 100)
5. Successive Profit / Loss
Same formula applies.
Multiple Practice Questions With Solutions
Here are Profit and Loss practice questions for SSC CGL Tier-1 with detailed solutions.
Q1. A shopkeeper earns 20% profit by selling an item for ₹600. What is the cost price?
Profit% = 20%
SP = 600
Use formula:
SP = CP × (100 + P%) / 100
600 = CP × 120/100
→ CP = (600 × 100) / 120
→ CP = ₹500
Q2. An item marked at ₹2000 is sold at 25% discount. The shopkeeper still earns 20% profit. Find CP.
MP = 2000
Discount = 25%
SP = 2000 × 75/100 = 1500
Profit = 20%
CP = SP / 1.20
CP = 1500 / 1.20
CP = ₹1250
Q3. A dishonest dealer uses 900g instead of 1kg but sells at CP. Find his profit%.
He gives 900g but takes money for 1000g.
If CP of 1000g = ₹100
He gives only 900g → CP = ₹90
Profit = 100 – 90 = 10
Profit% = (10/90) × 100
Profit% = 11.11%
Q4. A trader buys two items at ₹500 each. He sells one at 20% profit and the other at 20% loss. Find overall profit/loss%.
CP total = 1000
SP1 = 500 × 1.20 = 600
SP2 = 500 × 0.80 = 400
Total SP = 1000
Profit/Loss? → 1000 – 1000 = 0
→ No profit, no loss.
Q5. A shopkeeper marks an item 40% above cost price and gives 20% discount. Find profit%.
Let CP = 100
MP = 100 × 1.40 = 140
SP = 140 × 0.80 = 112
Profit = 12
Profit% = 12%
→ Profit% = 12%
Advanced Questions for SSC CGL Tier-1 & Tier-2
Q6. A dealer buys an article at ₹600. He marks it at x% above CP. After giving 20% discount, he earns 12% profit. Find x.
Let CP = 600
Profit = 12% → SP = 600 × 1.12 = 672
Discounted price = SP
MP × 0.80 = 672
MP = 672 / 0.80 = 840
Now find % increase:
840 – 600 = 240
x% = 240/600 × 100 = 40%
Q7. SP of an article is 20% more than CP. If SP is increased by ₹60, profit becomes 50%. Find CP.
Let CP = 100
Initial SP = 120
If SP increases by 60 → New SP = 120 + 60 = 180
Now Profit% = 50
→ SP = CP × 1.50
180 = CP × 1.50
CP = 120
High-Scoring Strategy for SSC CGL
Here is the exact routine I recommend to my students:
Daily Routine
20–25 Profit & Loss questions
1-2 mixed word problems
10 quick CP–SP conversions
Weekly Routine
1 chapter test
1 mock test
1 PYQ paper
Monthly Routine
4 mock tests
Error analysis
Revision of difficult questions
This builds exam confidence.
Why PrepUpTime Mock Tests Help Students Score Higher
Having observed many platforms, PrepUpTime stands out because it provides:
Exam-wise chapter tests
SSC pattern-question sets
Real difficulty levels
Clean solutions
PYQ-integrated mocks
Fast-loading interface
Most importantly:
The reasoning and quant difficulty matches SSC CGL trend perfectly.
Conclusion
Profit & Loss becomes easy when you understand the core logic, practice regularly, and attempt sufficient mock tests. To strengthen your SSC CGL preparation, you can also explore more Quant mock tests, PYQs, and chapter-wise practice sets available on PrepUpTime. You may solve full SSC CGL previous year papers on PrepUpTime to improve real exam accuracy.
FAQs
1. How long will it take to master Profit & Loss for SSC CGL?
With regular practice, 7–10 days are enough.
2. How many Profit & Loss questions are asked in SSC CGL Tier-1?
Usually 2–3 questions.
3. Are mock tests necessary for this chapter?
Yes - mock tests help build speed and accuracy.
4. What is the best way to practice Profit & Loss?
PYQs + mock tests + daily practice.
5. Is Profit & Loss difficult for beginners?
Not if you learn CP-SP logic properly.